First of all we have to dissappoint you, because there is no exact rule that would help us use 'do' or 'make' correctly. English language has got a lot of fixed expressions with these verbs and we have to learn them by heart.
Still, one thing can be helpful. Remember that we
do activities
make something = create or produce (any result, product, etc.)
Here is a list of popular collocations with 'do' and 'make' 👇
Things we DO
10 miles per hour
a burp
a course
a crossword
a dance
a drawing
a favor / favour
a job, work, business
a painting
a project
a service
an assignment
an exam
an exercise
anything/everything/nothing/something
badly
chores
damage
exercises
good
harm
research
right (the right thing) / wrong (the wrong thing
the dishes
the gardening
the housework
the ironing
the laundry
the rest
the shopping
the washing
well
work
your best
your homework
your nails, hair
Things we MAKE
arrangements for
a change/changes
a choice
a comment
a contribution to
a decision
an effort
an excuse
friends
an improvement
a mistake
a phone call
progress